References / Resources

Improved ACL Reconstruction and Hybrid Transtibial Technique Pathfinder™ ACL System


Biomechanical comparison of anatomic double-bundle, anatomic single-bundle, and nonanatomic single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions.

Kondo E, Merican AM, Yasuda K, Amis AA. Am J Sports Med. 2011;39:279-288.

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Anatomy of the anterior cruciate ligament insertion sites: comparison of plain radiography and three dimensional computed tomographic imaging to anatomic dissection.

Lee JK, Lee S, Seong SC, Lee MC. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23:2297-2305.

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How isometric are the anatomic femoral tunnel and the anterior tibial tunnel for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction?

Lee JS, Kim TH, Kang SY, et al. Arthroscopy. 2012;28:1504-1512, 1512e1-2.

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Anatomic ACL reconstruction produces greater graft length change during knee range-of-motion than transtibial technique.

Lubowitz JH. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2014;22:1190-1195.

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Isometry testing for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction revisited.

Morgan CD, Kalmam VR, Grawl DM. Arthroscopy. 1995;11:647-659.

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Definitive landmarks for reproducible tibial tunnel placement in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Morgan CD, Kalman VR, Grawl DM. Arthroscopy. 1995;11:275-288.

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Varying femoral tunnels between the anatomical footprint and isometric positions: effect on kinematics of the anterior cruciate ligament-reconstructed knee.

Musahl V, Plakseychuk A, VanScyoc A, et al. Am J Sports Med. 2005;33:712-718.

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ACL fibers near the lateral intercondylar ridge are the most load bearing during stability examinations and isometric through passive flexion.

Nawabi DH, Tucker S, Schafer KA, et al. Am J Sports Med. 2016;44:2563-2571.

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Femoral tunnel position on conventional magnetic resonance imaging after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in young men: transtibial technique versus anteromedial portal technique.

Noh JH, Roh YH, Yang BG, Yi SR, Lee SY. Arthroscopy. 2013;29:882-890.

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Biomechanical analysis of human ligament grafts used in knee-ligament repairs and reconstructions.

Noyes FR, Butler DL, Grood ES, Zernicke RF, Hefzy MS. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1984;66:344-352.

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